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A torque converter is actually a fluid coupling which is used so as to transfer rotating power from a prime mover, that is an internal combustion engine or as electrical motor, to a rotating driven load. The torque converter is same as a basic fluid coupling to take the place of a mechanical clutch. This allows the load to be separated from the main power source. A torque converter could offer the equivalent of a reduction gear by being able to multiply torque whenever there is a substantial difference between input and output rotational speed.
The most popular kind of torque converter utilized in automobile transmissions is the fluid coupling type. During the 1920s there was even the Constantinesco or otherwise known as pendulum-based torque converter. There are different mechanical designs used for continuously variable transmissions which could multiply torque. Like for example, the Variomatic is a type which has a belt drive and expanding pulleys.
The 2 element drive fluid coupling cannot multiply torque. Torque converters have an part called a stator. This changes the drive's characteristics through occasions of high slippage and generates an increase in torque output.
Inside a torque converter, there are at least of three rotating parts: the turbine, to be able to drive the load, the impeller which is driven mechanically driven by the prime mover and the stator. The stator is between the impeller and the turbine so that it can change oil flow returning from the turbine to the impeller. Usually, the design of the torque converter dictates that the stator be prevented from rotating under whichever condition and this is where the term stator starts from. Actually, the stator is mounted on an overrunning clutch. This particular design stops the stator from counter rotating with respect to the prime mover while still enabling forward rotation.
In the three element design there have been adjustments which have been integrated at times. Where there is higher than normal torque manipulation is considered necessary, changes to the modifications have proven to be worthy. Most commonly, these alterations have taken the form of several turbines and stators. Every set has been meant to generate differing amounts of torque multiplication. Various examples consist of the Dynaflow that utilizes a five element converter in order to generate the wide range of torque multiplication required to propel a heavy vehicle.
Different auto converters consist of a lock-up clutch to lessen heat and to be able to improve the cruising power and transmission effectiveness, though it is not strictly component of the torque converter design. The application of the clutch locks the turbine to the impeller. This causes all power transmission to be mechanical that eliminates losses connected with fluid drive.
