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There are some commercial and industrial buildings that now exceed sixty stories or more. These buildings all require tall cranes to help transport the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes that are operated from the back of trucks or other kinds that have their own vehicle attached. Tower cranes are the biggest kinds on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction such as skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities such as shopping center are being built, odds are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
The two major kinds of cranes could be differentiated by the way in which their jib or boom raises materials. The jib is the metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it carries things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds can range from thirty thousand pounds to 10,000 pounds
Body
The crane's body is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame that is a combination of individual parts. In order to increase the overall height of the equipment, parts are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane uses a braided metal cord to lift materials. This cord extends out from a motor located near the control module to the end of the jib or boom. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when lifting heavy materials.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specialized type of mobile crane. These cranes make use of hydraulics and could lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics makes use of forces being transmitted through oil pushing on the boom's pistons in opposite directions in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are vital in constructing major projects such as bridges, airports, buildings and streets. A crane could accomplish in minutes jobs which will normally take hundreds of men and many hours to complete.
These impressive equipments have played a vital role in constructing cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids in Egypt were probably built utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest supplies in one of the most awesome construction projects of all time.
The very first cranes were established during 3000 B.C. Egypt in the reign of King Ramses. This lifting device was initially used to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were utilized to create an entire nation during the 5th century B.C.
Initially, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers building dockyards decided they required something stronger and larger did these machinery evolve. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes in Bolton, England, in eighteen thirty four. This machinery could lift up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany started to build cast iron cranes. The very first cast iron crane made by Germany was made in Neuburg.
